Ecclesiastes 1 interlinear
The Hebrew text of Ecclesiastes 1 word by word, with each word’s gloss, a short parsing and its Strong’s number, and the King James Version for comparison.
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The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.
דִּבְרֵי[the] words ofnoun pl m cstrH1697קֹהֶלֶתTeachernoun sg f absH6953בֶּן־[the] son ofnoun sg m cstrH1121דָּוִדDavidname m individualH1732מֶלֶךְkingnoun sg m absH4428בִּירוּשָׁלִָם׃in Jerusalemprep + name LocationH3389 Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.
הֲבֵלfutility ofnoun sg m cstrH1892הֲבָלִיםfutilitiesnoun pl m absH1892אָמַרhe saidverb Qal perf 3 sg mH559קֹהֶלֶתTeachernoun sg f absH6953הֲבֵלfutility ofnoun sg m cstrH1892הֲבָלִיםfutilitiesnoun pl m absH1892הַכֹּלthe everythingart + noun sg m absH3605הָבֶל׃[is] futilitynoun sg m absH1892 What profit hath a man of all his labour which he taketh under the sun?
מַה־what?Interrogative pronH4100יִּתְרוֹןprofitnoun sg m absH3504לָאָדָם[belongs] to the humankindprep Definite + noun sg m absH120בְּכָל־in allprep + noun sg m cstrH3605עֲמָלוֹtoil hisnoun sg c cstr + sfx 3 sg mH5999שֶׁיַּעֲמֹלthat he toilsRelative Particle + verb Qal impf 3 sg mH5998תַּחַתundernoun sg m cstrH8478הַשָּׁמֶשׁ׃the sunart + noun sg c absH8121 One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for ever.
דּוֹרa generationnoun sg m absH1755הֹלֵךְ[is] goingverb Qal ptc sg m absH1980וְדוֹרand a generationconj + noun sg m absH1755בָּא[is] comingverb Qal ptc sg m absH935וְהָאָרֶץand the earthconj + art + noun sg f absH776לְעוֹלָםfor everprep + noun sg m absH5769עֹמָדֶת׃[is] continuingverb Qal ptc sg f absH5975 The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to his place where he arose.
וְזָרַחand it risesConsecutive conj + verb Qal Consecutive perf 3 sg mH2224הַשֶּׁמֶשׁthe sunart + noun sg c absH8121וּבָאand it goesConsecutive conj + verb Qal Consecutive perf 3 sg mH935הַשָּׁמֶשׁthe sunart + noun sg c absH8121וְאֶל־and toconj + prepH413מְקוֹמוֹplace itsnoun sg m cstr + sfx 3 sg mH4725שׁוֹאֵף[is] pantingverb Qal ptc sg m absH7602זוֹרֵחַ[is] risingverb Qal ptc sg m absH2224הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931שָׁם׃thereadvH8033 The wind goeth toward the south, and turneth about unto the north; it whirleth about continually, and the wind returneth again according to his circuits.
הוֹלֵךְ[it is] goingverb Qal ptc sg m absH1980אֶל־toprepH413דָּרוֹם[the] southnoun sg m absH1864וְסוֹבֵבand [it is] circlingconj + verb Qal ptc sg m absH5437אֶל־toprepH413צָפוֹן[the] northnoun sg f absH6828סוֹבֵבcircling aroundverb Qal ptc sg m absH5437סֹבֵבcircling aroundverb Qal ptc sg m absH5437הוֹלֵךְ[is] goingverb Qal ptc sg m absH1980הָרוּחַthe windart + noun sg f absH7307וְעַל־and onconj + prepH5921סְבִיבֹתָיוcircuits itsnoun pl f cstr + sfx 3 sg mH5439שָׁב[is] returningverb Qal ptc sg m absH7725הָרוּחַ׃the windart + noun sg f absH7307 All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again.
כָּל־allnoun sg m cstrH3605הַנְּחָלִיםthe riversart + noun pl m absH5158הֹלְכִים[are] goingverb Qal ptc pl m absH1980אֶל־toprepH413הַיָּםthe seaart + noun sg m absH3220וְהַיָּםand the seaconj + art + noun sg m absH3220אֵינֶנּוּnot itnoun sg m cstr + sfx 3 sg mH369מָלֵא[is] fulladj sg m absH4392אֶל־toprepH413מְקוֹם[the] placenoun sg m cstrH4725שֶׁהַנְּחָלִיםof where the riversRelative Particle + art + noun pl m absH5158הֹלְכִים[are] goingverb Qal ptc pl m absH1980שָׁםthereadvH8033הֵםtheypron 3 pl mH1992שָׁבִים[are] returningverb Qal ptc pl m absH7725לָלָכֶת׃to goprep + verb Qal inf cstrH1980 All things are full of labour; man cannot utter the eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing.
כָּל־allnoun sg m cstrH3605הַדְּבָרִיםthe thingsart + noun pl m absH1697יְגֵעִים[are] wearisomeadj pl m absH3023לֹא־notNegative ParticleH3808יוּכַלhe is ableverb Qal impf 3 sg mH3201אִישׁanyonenoun sg m absH376לְדַבֵּרto speak [them]prep + verb Piel inf cstrH1696לֹא־notNegative ParticleH3808תִשְׂבַּעit is satisfiedverb Qal impf 3 sg fH7646עַיִןan eyenoun sg f absH5869לִרְאוֹתby seeingprep + verb Qal inf cstrH7200וְלֹא־and notconj + Negative ParticleH3808תִמָּלֵאit is filledverb Niphal impf 3 sg fH4390אֹזֶןan earnoun sg f absH241מִשְּׁמֹעַ׃from hearingprep + verb Qal inf cstrH8085 The thing that hath been, it is that which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall be done: and there is no new thing under the sun.
מַה־whateverInterrogative pronH4100שֶּׁהָיָהthat it has beenRelative Particle + verb Qal perf 3 sg mH1961הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931שֶׁיִּהְיֶה[is] which it will beRelative Particle + verb Qal impf 3 sg mH1961וּמַה־and whateverconj + Interrogative pronH4100שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂהwhich it has been doneRelative Particle + verb Niphal perf 3 sg mH6213הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931שֶׁיֵּעָשֶׂה[is] which it will be doneRelative Particle + verb Niphal impf 3 sg mH6213וְאֵיןand there notconj + noun sg m cstrH369כָּל־[is] anynoun sg m absH3605חָדָשׁnew [thing]adj sg m absH2319תַּחַתundernoun sg m cstrH8478הַשָּׁמֶשׁ׃the sunart + noun sg c absH8121 Is there any thing whereof it may be said, See, this is new? it hath been already of old time, which was before us.
יֵשׁ[is] there?Numerical adj sg c cstrH3426דָּבָרanythingnoun sg m absH1697שֶׁיֹּאמַרthat anyone will sayRelative Particle + verb Qal impf 3 sg mH559רְאֵה־seeverb Qal impv 2 sg mH7200זֶהthisDemonstrative ParticleH2088חָדָשׁ[is] newadj sg m absH2319הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931כְּבָרalreadynoun sg m absH3528הָיָהit has beenverb Qal perf 3 sg mH1961לְעֹלָמִיםto ancient timesprep + noun pl m absH5769אֲשֶׁרwhichRelative ParticleH834הָיָהit wasverb Qal perf 3 sg mH1961מִלְּפָנֵנוּ׃from to before usprep + prep + noun pl m cstr + sfx 1 pl cH6440 There is no remembrance of former things; neither shall there be any remembrance of things that are to come with those that shall come after.
אֵיןthere notnoun sg m cstrH369זִכְרוֹן[is] remembrancenoun sg m cstrH2146לָרִאשֹׁנִיםof the former [things]prep Definite + Numerical position adj pl m absH7223וְגַםand alsoconj + advH1571לָאַחֲרֹנִיםof the subsequent [things]prep Definite + adj pl m absH314שֶׁיִּהְיוּthat they will beRelative Particle + verb Qal impf 3 pl mH1961לֹא־notNegative ParticleH3808יִהְיֶהit will beverb Qal impf 3 sg mH1961לָהֶםof the themprep Definite + sfx 3 pl mH9038זִכָּרוֹןremembrancenoun sg m absH2146עִםwithprepH5973שֶׁיִּהְיוּwho they will beRelative Particle + verb Qal impf 3 pl mH1961לָאַחֲרֹנָה׃ פto the later [time]prep Definite + adj sg f absH314 I the Preacher was king over Israel in Jerusalem.
אֲנִיIpron 1 sg cH589קֹהֶלֶתTeachernoun sg f absH6953הָיִיתִיI wasverb Qal perf 1 sg cH1961מֶלֶךְkingnoun sg m absH4428עַל־overprepH5921יִשְׂרָאֵלIsraelname LocationH3478בִּירוּשָׁלִָם׃in Jerusalemprep + name LocationH3389 And I gave my heart to seek and search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven: this sore travail hath God given to the sons of man to be exercised therewith.
וְנָתַתִּיand I gaveConsecutive conj + verb Qal Consecutive perf 1 sg cH5414אֶת־obj.Object indicatorH853לִבִּיheart mynoun sg m cstr + sfx 1 sg cH3820לִדְרוֹשׁto studyprep + verb Qal inf cstrH1875וְלָתוּרand to discoverconj + prep + verb Qal inf cstrH8446בַּחָכְמָהby the wisdomprep Definite + noun sg f absH2451עַלonprepH5921כָּל־allnoun sg m absH3605אֲשֶׁרthatRelative ParticleH834נַעֲשָׂהit has been doneverb Niphal perf 3 sg mH6213תַּחַתundernoun sg m cstrH8478הַשָּׁמָיִםthe heavensart + noun pl m absH8064הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931עִנְיַן[is] a task ofnoun sg m cstrH6045רָעeviladj sg m absH7451נָתַן[which] he has givenverb Qal perf 3 sg mH5414אֱלֹהִיםGodnoun pl m absH430לִבְנֵיto [the] children ofprep + noun pl m cstrH1121הָאָדָםthe humankindart + noun sg m absH120לַעֲנוֹתto be busyprep + verb Qal inf cstrH6031בּוֹ׃with the itprep Definite + sfx 3 sg mH9033 I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and, behold, all is vanity and vexation of spirit.
רָאִיתִיI have seenverb Qal perf 1 sg cH7200אֶת־obj.Object indicatorH853כָּל־allnoun sg m cstrH3605הַמַּעֲשִׂיםthe worksart + noun pl m absH4639שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּthat they have been doneRelative Particle + verb Niphal perf 3 pl cH6213תַּחַתundernoun sg m cstrH8478הַשָּׁמֶשׁthe sunart + noun sg c absH8121וְהִנֵּהand there!conj + InterjectionH2009הַכֹּלthe everythingart + noun sg m absH3605הֶבֶל[is] futilitynoun sg m absH1892וּרְעוּתand striving ofconj + noun sg f cstrH7469רוּחַ׃windnoun sg f absH7307 That which is crooked cannot be made straight: and that which is wanting cannot be numbered.
מְעֻוָּת[something] bentverb Pual ptc passive sg m absH5791לֹא־notNegative ParticleH3808יוּכַלit is ableverb Qal impf 3 sg mH3201לִתְקֹןto become straightprep + verb Qal inf cstrH8626וְחֶסְרוֹןand something missingconj + noun sg m absH2642לֹא־notNegative ParticleH3808יוּכַלit is ableverb Qal impf 3 sg mH3201לְהִמָּנוֹת׃to be numberedprep + verb Niphal inf cstrH4487 I communed with mine own heart, saying, Lo, I am come to great estate, and have gotten more wisdom than all they that have been before me in Jerusalem: yea, my heart had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.
דִּבַּרְתִּיI have spokenverb Piel perf 1 sg cH1696אֲנִיIpron 1 sg cH589עִם־withprepH5973לִבִּיheart mynoun sg m cstr + sfx 1 sg cH3820לֵאמֹרto sayingprep + verb Qal inf cstrH559אֲנִיIpron 1 sg cH589הִנֵּהhere!InterjectionH2009הִגְדַּלְתִּיI have made greatverb Hiphil perf 1 sg cH1431וְהוֹסַפְתִּיand I have increasedconj + verb Hiphil perf 1 sg cH3254חָכְמָהwisdomnoun sg f absH2451עַלaboveprepH5921כָּל־everynoun sg m absH3605אֲשֶׁר־[one] whoRelative ParticleH834הָיָהhe wasverb Qal perf 3 sg mH1961לְפָנַיto before meprep + noun pl m cstr + sfx 1 sg cH6440עַל־overprepH5921יְרוּשָׁלִָםJerusalemname LocationH3389וְלִבִּיand heart myconj + noun sg m cstr + sfx 1 sg cH3820רָאָהit has seenverb Qal perf 3 sg mH7200הַרְבֵּהmuchverb Hiphil inf absH7235חָכְמָהwisdomnoun sg f absH2451וָדָעַת׃and knowledgeconj + noun sg f absH1847 And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit.
וָאֶתְּנָהand I gave !Consecutive conj + verb Qal Consecutive impf 1 sg c + Paragogic HéH5414לִבִּיheart mynoun sg m cstr + sfx 1 sg cH3820לָדַעַתto knowprep + verb Qal inf cstrH3045חָכְמָהwisdomnoun sg f absH2451וְדַעַתand to knowconj + noun sg f absH3045הוֹלֵלוֹתmadnessnoun pl f absH1947וְשִׂכְלוּתand follyconj + noun sg f absH5531יָדַעְתִּיI knewverb Qal perf 1 sg cH3045שֶׁגַּם־that alsoRelative Particle + advH1571זֶהthisDemonstrative ParticleH2088הוּאitpron 3 sg mH1931רַעְיוֹן[is] a striving ofnoun sg m cstrH7475רוּחַ׃windnoun sg f absH7307 For in much wisdom is much grief: and he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow.
כִּיforConditional ParticleH3588בְּרֹב[is] in abundance ofprep + noun sg m cstrH7230חָכְמָהwisdomnoun sg f absH2451רָב־abundance ofnoun sg m cstrH7227כָּעַסfrustrationnoun sg m absH3708וְיוֹסִיףso someone may increaseconj + verb Hiphil conj+impf 3 sg mH3254דַּעַתknowledgenoun sg f absH1847יוֹסִיףhe will increaseverb Hiphil impf 3 sg mH3254מַכְאוֹב׃painnoun sg m absH4341
Hebrew: Leningrad Codex. Tagging, glosses and parsing: STEPBible.org, Tyndale House Cambridge (TAHOT, TAGNT; CC BY 4.0), adapted. Strong’s numbers link to word studies.