Which Old Testament book is quoted most in the New Testament?

Psalms, followed by Isaiah and Deuteronomy. In Tiqvah's list the most used books are Psalms (83), Isaiah (64), Deuteronomy (32), Exodus (31), Genesis (26), Leviticus (13).

How many Old Testament quotations are in the New Testament?

Counts vary with how quotations and allusions are defined. Tiqvah lists 299 uses: 238 quotations introduced as Scripture, 40 quotations without an introduction and 21 clear allusions.

Why don't New Testament quotations match the Old Testament word for word?

New Testament writers often quoted the Greek translation of the Old Testament (the Septuagint), sometimes paraphrased or combined passages, and English Bibles translate the Hebrew and Greek separately.

The Old Testament in the New

Where the New Testament quotes or clearly alludes to the Old: 299 uses, listed by New Testament book. The interactive view shows them as a flow between books and sets each pair of passages side by side.

Open the interactive view

Frequently asked questions

Which Old Testament book is quoted most in the New Testament?: Psalms, followed by Isaiah and Deuteronomy. In Tiqvah's list the most used books are Psalms (83), Isaiah (64), Deuteronomy (32), Exodus (31), Genesis (26), Leviticus (13).
How many Old Testament quotations are in the New Testament?: Counts vary with how quotations and allusions are defined. Tiqvah lists 299 uses: 238 quotations introduced as Scripture, 40 quotations without an introduction and 21 clear allusions.
Why don't New Testament quotations match the Old Testament word for word?: New Testament writers often quoted the Greek translation of the Old Testament (the Septuagint), sometimes paraphrased or combined passages, and English Bibles translate the Hebrew and Greek separately.

All quotations and allusions

Matthew (52)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Matthew 1:23	Isaiah 7:14	Introduced quotation
Matthew 2:6	Micah 5:2; 2 Samuel 5:2	Introduced quotation
Matthew 2:15	Hosea 11:1	Introduced quotation
Matthew 2:18	Jeremiah 31:15	Introduced quotation
Matthew 3:3	Isaiah 40:3	Introduced quotation
Matthew 4:4	Deuteronomy 8:3	Introduced quotation
Matthew 4:6	Psalms 91:11–12	Introduced quotation
Matthew 4:7	Deuteronomy 6:16	Introduced quotation
Matthew 4:10	Deuteronomy 6:13	Introduced quotation
Matthew 4:15–16	Isaiah 9:1–2	Introduced quotation
Matthew 5:21	Exodus 20:13	Introduced quotation
Matthew 5:27	Exodus 20:14	Introduced quotation
Matthew 5:31	Deuteronomy 24:1	Introduced quotation
Matthew 5:38	Exodus 21:24	Introduced quotation
Matthew 5:43	Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Matthew 8:17	Isaiah 53:4	Introduced quotation
Matthew 9:13	Hosea 6:6	Introduced quotation
Matthew 10:35–36	Micah 7:6	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 11:10	Malachi 3:1	Introduced quotation
Matthew 12:7	Hosea 6:6	Introduced quotation
Matthew 12:18–21	Isaiah 42:1–4	Introduced quotation
Matthew 12:40	Jonah 1:17	Allusion
Matthew 13:14–15	Isaiah 6:9–10	Introduced quotation
Matthew 13:35	Psalms 78:2	Introduced quotation
Matthew 15:4	Exodus 20:12; Exodus 21:17	Introduced quotation
Matthew 15:8–9	Isaiah 29:13	Introduced quotation
Matthew 18:16	Deuteronomy 19:15	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 19:4	Genesis 1:27	Introduced quotation
Matthew 19:5	Genesis 2:24	Introduced quotation
Matthew 19:7	Deuteronomy 24:1	Introduced quotation
Matthew 19:18–19	Exodus 20:12–16; Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Matthew 21:5	Isaiah 62:11; Zechariah 9:9	Introduced quotation
Matthew 21:9	Psalms 118:25–26	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 21:13	Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 7:11	Introduced quotation
Matthew 21:16	Psalms 8:2	Introduced quotation
Matthew 21:33	Isaiah 5:1–2	Allusion
Matthew 21:42	Psalms 118:22–23	Introduced quotation
Matthew 22:24	Deuteronomy 25:5	Introduced quotation
Matthew 22:32	Exodus 3:6	Introduced quotation
Matthew 22:37	Deuteronomy 6:5	Introduced quotation
Matthew 22:39	Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Matthew 22:44	Psalms 110:1	Introduced quotation
Matthew 23:39	Psalms 118:26	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 24:15	Daniel 9:27; Daniel 12:11	Introduced quotation
Matthew 24:29	Isaiah 13:10; Isaiah 34:4	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 24:30	Daniel 7:13	Allusion
Matthew 26:31	Zechariah 13:7	Introduced quotation
Matthew 26:64	Psalms 110:1; Daniel 7:13	Unmarked quotation
Matthew 27:9–10	Zechariah 11:12–13	Introduced quotation
Matthew 27:35	Psalms 22:18	Introduced quotation
Matthew 27:43	Psalms 22:8	Allusion
Matthew 27:46	Psalms 22:1	Unmarked quotation

Mark (25)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Mark 1:2	Malachi 3:1	Introduced quotation
Mark 1:3	Isaiah 40:3	Introduced quotation
Mark 4:12	Isaiah 6:9–10	Unmarked quotation
Mark 7:6–7	Isaiah 29:13	Introduced quotation
Mark 7:10	Exodus 20:12; Exodus 21:17	Introduced quotation
Mark 9:48	Isaiah 66:24	Unmarked quotation
Mark 10:6	Genesis 1:27	Introduced quotation
Mark 10:7–8	Genesis 2:24	Introduced quotation
Mark 10:19	Exodus 20:12–16	Introduced quotation
Mark 11:9–10	Psalms 118:25–26	Unmarked quotation
Mark 11:17	Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 7:11	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:1	Isaiah 5:1–2	Allusion
Mark 12:10–11	Psalms 118:22–23	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:19	Deuteronomy 25:5	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:26	Exodus 3:6	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:29–30	Deuteronomy 6:4–5	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:31	Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Mark 12:36	Psalms 110:1	Introduced quotation
Mark 13:14	Daniel 9:27; Daniel 12:11	Introduced quotation
Mark 13:24–25	Isaiah 13:10; Isaiah 34:4	Unmarked quotation
Mark 13:26	Daniel 7:13	Allusion
Mark 14:27	Zechariah 13:7	Introduced quotation
Mark 14:62	Psalms 110:1; Daniel 7:13	Unmarked quotation
Mark 15:28	Isaiah 53:12	Introduced quotation
Mark 15:34	Psalms 22:1	Unmarked quotation

Luke (27)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Luke 1:17	Malachi 4:5–6	Allusion
Luke 2:23	Exodus 13:2; Exodus 13:12	Introduced quotation
Luke 2:24	Leviticus 12:8	Introduced quotation
Luke 3:4–6	Isaiah 40:3–5	Introduced quotation
Luke 4:4	Deuteronomy 8:3	Introduced quotation
Luke 4:8	Deuteronomy 6:13	Introduced quotation
Luke 4:10–11	Psalms 91:11–12	Introduced quotation
Luke 4:12	Deuteronomy 6:16	Introduced quotation
Luke 4:18–19	Isaiah 61:1–2	Introduced quotation
Luke 7:27	Malachi 3:1	Introduced quotation
Luke 8:10	Isaiah 6:9	Unmarked quotation
Luke 9:54	2 Kings 1:10; 2 Kings 1:12	Allusion
Luke 10:27	Deuteronomy 6:5; Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Luke 12:53	Micah 7:6	Unmarked quotation
Luke 13:35	Psalms 118:26	Unmarked quotation
Luke 18:20	Exodus 20:12–16	Introduced quotation
Luke 19:38	Psalms 118:26	Unmarked quotation
Luke 19:46	Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 7:11	Introduced quotation
Luke 20:17	Psalms 118:22	Introduced quotation
Luke 20:28	Deuteronomy 25:5	Introduced quotation
Luke 20:37	Exodus 3:6	Introduced quotation
Luke 20:42–43	Psalms 110:1	Introduced quotation
Luke 21:27	Daniel 7:13	Allusion
Luke 22:37	Isaiah 53:12	Introduced quotation
Luke 22:69	Psalms 110:1	Allusion
Luke 23:30	Hosea 10:8	Unmarked quotation
Luke 23:46	Psalms 31:5	Unmarked quotation

John (16)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
John 1:23	Isaiah 40:3	Introduced quotation
John 1:51	Genesis 28:12	Allusion
John 2:17	Psalms 69:9	Introduced quotation
John 3:14	Numbers 21:9	Allusion
John 6:31	Psalms 78:24; Exodus 16:4	Introduced quotation
John 6:45	Isaiah 54:13	Introduced quotation
John 10:34	Psalms 82:6	Introduced quotation
John 12:13	Psalms 118:25–26	Unmarked quotation
John 12:15	Zechariah 9:9	Introduced quotation
John 12:38	Isaiah 53:1	Introduced quotation
John 12:40	Isaiah 6:10	Introduced quotation
John 13:18	Psalms 41:9	Introduced quotation
John 15:25	Psalms 35:19; Psalms 69:4	Introduced quotation
John 19:24	Psalms 22:18	Introduced quotation
John 19:36	Exodus 12:46; Psalms 34:20	Introduced quotation
John 19:37	Zechariah 12:10	Introduced quotation

Acts (28)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Acts 1:20	Psalms 69:25; Psalms 109:8	Introduced quotation
Acts 2:17–21	Joel 2:28–32	Introduced quotation
Acts 2:25–28	Psalms 16:8–11	Introduced quotation
Acts 2:31	Psalms 16:10	Introduced quotation
Acts 2:34–35	Psalms 110:1	Introduced quotation
Acts 3:22–23	Deuteronomy 18:15–19	Introduced quotation
Acts 3:25	Genesis 22:18	Introduced quotation
Acts 4:11	Psalms 118:22	Unmarked quotation
Acts 4:25–26	Psalms 2:1–2	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:3	Genesis 12:1	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:6–7	Genesis 15:13–14	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:27–28	Exodus 2:14	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:32	Exodus 3:6	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:33–34	Exodus 3:5–10	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:37	Deuteronomy 18:15	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:40	Exodus 32:1	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:42–43	Amos 5:25–27	Introduced quotation
Acts 7:49–50	Isaiah 66:1–2	Introduced quotation
Acts 8:32–33	Isaiah 53:7–8	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:22	Psalms 89:20; 1 Samuel 13:14	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:33	Psalms 2:7	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:34	Isaiah 55:3	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:35	Psalms 16:10	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:41	Habakkuk 1:5	Introduced quotation
Acts 13:47	Isaiah 49:6	Introduced quotation
Acts 15:16–17	Amos 9:11–12	Introduced quotation
Acts 23:5	Exodus 22:28	Introduced quotation
Acts 28:26–27	Isaiah 6:9–10	Introduced quotation

Romans (52)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Romans 1:17	Habakkuk 2:4	Introduced quotation
Romans 2:24	Isaiah 52:5	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:4	Psalms 51:4	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:10–12	Psalms 14:1–3; Psalms 53:1–3	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:13	Psalms 5:9; Psalms 140:3	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:14	Psalms 10:7	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:15–17	Isaiah 59:7–8	Introduced quotation
Romans 3:18	Psalms 36:1	Introduced quotation
Romans 4:3	Genesis 15:6	Introduced quotation
Romans 4:7–8	Psalms 32:1–2	Introduced quotation
Romans 4:17	Genesis 17:5	Introduced quotation
Romans 4:18	Genesis 15:5	Introduced quotation
Romans 7:7	Exodus 20:17	Introduced quotation
Romans 8:36	Psalms 44:22	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:7	Genesis 21:12	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:9	Genesis 18:10	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:12	Genesis 25:23	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:13	Malachi 1:2–3	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:15	Exodus 33:19	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:17	Exodus 9:16	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:25	Hosea 2:23	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:26	Hosea 1:10	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:27–28	Isaiah 10:22–23	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:29	Isaiah 1:9	Introduced quotation
Romans 9:33	Isaiah 28:16; Isaiah 8:14	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:5	Leviticus 18:5	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:6–8	Deuteronomy 30:12–14	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:11	Isaiah 28:16	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:13	Joel 2:32	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:15	Isaiah 52:7	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:16	Isaiah 53:1	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:18	Psalms 19:4	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:19	Deuteronomy 32:21	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:20	Isaiah 65:1	Introduced quotation
Romans 10:21	Isaiah 65:2	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:3	1 Kings 19:10; 1 Kings 19:14	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:4	1 Kings 19:18	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:8	Isaiah 29:10; Deuteronomy 29:4	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:9–10	Psalms 69:22–23	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:26–27	Isaiah 59:20–21	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:34	Isaiah 40:13	Introduced quotation
Romans 11:35	Job 41:11	Unmarked quotation
Romans 12:19	Deuteronomy 32:35	Introduced quotation
Romans 12:20	Proverbs 25:21–22	Unmarked quotation
Romans 13:9	Exodus 20:13–17; Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
Romans 14:11	Isaiah 45:23	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:3	Psalms 69:9	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:9	Psalms 18:49	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:10	Deuteronomy 32:43	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:11	Psalms 117:1	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:12	Isaiah 11:10	Introduced quotation
Romans 15:21	Isaiah 52:15	Introduced quotation

1 Corinthians (18)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
1 Corinthians 1:19	Isaiah 29:14	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 1:31	Jeremiah 9:24	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 2:9	Isaiah 64:4	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 2:16	Isaiah 40:13	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 3:19	Job 5:13	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 3:20	Psalms 94:11	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 5:13	Deuteronomy 17:7	Unmarked quotation
1 Corinthians 6:16	Genesis 2:24	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 9:9	Deuteronomy 25:4	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 10:7	Exodus 32:6	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 10:26	Psalms 24:1	Unmarked quotation
1 Corinthians 10:28	Psalms 24:1	Unmarked quotation
1 Corinthians 14:21	Isaiah 28:11–12	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 15:27	Psalms 8:6	Unmarked quotation
1 Corinthians 15:32	Isaiah 22:13	Unmarked quotation
1 Corinthians 15:45	Genesis 2:7	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 15:54	Isaiah 25:8	Introduced quotation
1 Corinthians 15:55	Hosea 13:14	Introduced quotation

2 Corinthians (9)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
2 Corinthians 4:13	Psalms 116:10	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 6:2	Isaiah 49:8	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 6:16	Leviticus 26:12	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 6:17	Isaiah 52:11	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 6:18	2 Samuel 7:14	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 8:15	Exodus 16:18	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 9:9	Psalms 112:9	Introduced quotation
2 Corinthians 10:17	Jeremiah 9:24	Unmarked quotation
2 Corinthians 13:1	Deuteronomy 19:15	Unmarked quotation

Galatians (10)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Galatians 3:6	Genesis 15:6	Unmarked quotation
Galatians 3:8	Genesis 12:3	Introduced quotation
Galatians 3:10	Deuteronomy 27:26	Introduced quotation
Galatians 3:11	Habakkuk 2:4	Unmarked quotation
Galatians 3:12	Leviticus 18:5	Unmarked quotation
Galatians 3:13	Deuteronomy 21:23	Introduced quotation
Galatians 3:16	Genesis 22:18	Allusion
Galatians 4:27	Isaiah 54:1	Introduced quotation
Galatians 4:30	Genesis 21:10	Introduced quotation
Galatians 5:14	Leviticus 19:18	Unmarked quotation

Ephesians (5)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Ephesians 4:8	Psalms 68:18	Introduced quotation
Ephesians 4:25	Zechariah 8:16	Unmarked quotation
Ephesians 4:26	Psalms 4:4	Unmarked quotation
Ephesians 5:31	Genesis 2:24	Unmarked quotation
Ephesians 6:2–3	Exodus 20:12	Unmarked quotation

1 Timothy (1)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
1 Timothy 5:18	Deuteronomy 25:4	Introduced quotation

2 Timothy (1)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
2 Timothy 2:19	Numbers 16:5	Introduced quotation

Hebrews (35)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Hebrews 1:5	Psalms 2:7; 2 Samuel 7:14	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 1:6	Deuteronomy 32:43; Psalms 97:7	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 1:7	Psalms 104:4	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 1:8–9	Psalms 45:6–7	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 1:10–12	Psalms 102:25–27	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 1:13	Psalms 110:1	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 2:6–8	Psalms 8:4–6	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 2:9	Psalms 8:5	Allusion
Hebrews 2:12	Psalms 22:22	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 2:13	Isaiah 8:17–18	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 3:7–11	Psalms 95:7–11	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 3:15	Psalms 95:7–8	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 4:3	Psalms 95:11	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 4:4	Genesis 2:2	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 4:7	Psalms 95:7–8	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 5:5	Psalms 2:7	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 5:6	Psalms 110:4	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 6:13–14	Genesis 22:16–17	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 7:17	Psalms 110:4	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 7:21	Psalms 110:4	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 8:5	Exodus 25:40	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 8:8–12	Jeremiah 31:31–34	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 9:20	Exodus 24:8	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 10:5–7	Psalms 40:6–8	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 10:16–17	Jeremiah 31:33–34	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 10:30	Deuteronomy 32:35–36	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 10:37–38	Habakkuk 2:3–4	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 11:18	Genesis 21:12	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 11:21	Genesis 47:31	Allusion
Hebrews 12:5–6	Proverbs 3:11–12	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 12:20	Exodus 19:12–13	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 12:21	Deuteronomy 9:19	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 12:26	Haggai 2:6	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 13:5	Deuteronomy 31:6	Introduced quotation
Hebrews 13:6	Psalms 118:6	Introduced quotation

James (4)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
James 2:8	Leviticus 19:18	Introduced quotation
James 2:11	Exodus 20:13–14	Introduced quotation
James 2:23	Genesis 15:6	Introduced quotation
James 4:6	Proverbs 3:34	Introduced quotation

1 Peter (10)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
1 Peter 1:16	Leviticus 11:44; Leviticus 19:2	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 1:24–25	Isaiah 40:6–8	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 2:6	Isaiah 28:16	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 2:7	Psalms 118:22	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 2:8	Isaiah 8:14	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 2:9	Exodus 19:6	Allusion
1 Peter 2:22	Isaiah 53:9	Unmarked quotation
1 Peter 3:10–12	Psalms 34:12–16	Introduced quotation
1 Peter 4:18	Proverbs 11:31	Unmarked quotation
1 Peter 5:5	Proverbs 3:34	Introduced quotation

2 Peter (1)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
2 Peter 2:22	Proverbs 26:11	Introduced quotation

Revelation (5)

New Testament	Old Testament	Kind
Revelation 1:7	Daniel 7:13; Zechariah 12:10	Allusion
Revelation 2:27	Psalms 2:9	Allusion
Revelation 5:11	Daniel 7:10	Allusion
Revelation 19:15	Psalms 2:9	Allusion
Revelation 21:4	Isaiah 25:8	Allusion

Compiled for Tiqvah from the biblical text; every entry is also linked in OpenBible.info or the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. Verse numbering follows the King James Version.